First Aid - The Accident

Lhe three factors that can lead to accidents are the same involved in the movement:


Man : Because of its inexperience , ability or fitness ... etc .

Vehicle : Because of its mechanical condition or maintenance.

The road: For configuration, status , signaling ... etc .

* The ability of a driver must be provided above the needs in the road.



Las three major causes of accidents on national roads are:



excessive or inappropriate speed .

The abuse of the road.

Failure to maintain a safe distance .

* All road users who are involved, or are witness news an accident, are, as a minimum , to seek help for the wounded.

* The first thing to do, to reach the accident site is ensure circulation.

* If there had been seriously injured or dead, to avoid changing the status quo or fingerprints, unless this would prejudice the safety of the injured or circulation.

* The order of priority in the care of the wounded is: Asphyxiation, unconscious and bleeding large.



General rules of operation:



Act quickly but without haste .

Establish a secure environment .

Never give drink to the wounded.

Do not remove the helmet to motorists.

Do not give medications or ointments .

Keep protected from possible neck jerking.

The transport of injured to be done in an appropriate vehicle .

Do not move the injured and , if necessary move , we'll do that if it were a rigid block .

Do not mess wounds.

Prevent injuries walk .

Loosen clothing and clothes of the wounded.

Cover the injured , so that it retains temperature , but prevent sweating .





Placement of the wounded :



Security or Defense Position : A suffocating the wounded , are unconscious or suffering from vomiting. Also called " lateral stable " , and involves placing the wounded lying, side, to encourage the opening of the airways.

Position of "Shock " Those with heavy bleeding . Also called the " collapse "and involves placing the wounded lying on her back , but with legs slightly elevated, to encourage blood flow to the brain.

Semirecumbent position : Those who breathe with difficulty. This position promotes spontaneous breathing. (Not confuse difficulty breathing with choking)





Cardio- Pulmonary Resuscitation :





* It consists in carrying the wounded , cardiac massage ( chest compressions ), while it blows air into your lungs (air ).

* The rate of compressions and ventilations , practiced the injured will depend on the number of people who assist him , to be ... :



With only one assistant : 15 compressions followed by 2 ventilations.

With two subsidiaries: 5 compressions followed by ventilation .

Injuries:





Fractures:





* Fractures (broken bone ) can be open ( the broken bone , looks and are the most dangerous ) or closed ( notice the deformation of the member, but the bone is not seen )

* Immobilize the fractured limb with a garment, wide enough as to encompass the two joints closest to the fracture.





Hemorrhage :





DEpendes blood vessel ruptures, may be:



Hair : Small bleeding points .

Venous : Blood dark, without oxygen , which leaves continuously.

Arterial : Bright blood with oxygen, which gushes .

DEpendes of where to locate, include:

External : You see the wound to bleed.

Internal: You do not see the bleeding , but presumably by the pallor of the wounded , inconsistency or rapid heartbeat and imperceptible ... "Shock . "

Exteriorized : They are produced in the interior, but the blood goes through naturally , nose, ear, mouth ...





Burn :



Do not remove clothing stuck .

Do not puncture or cut the blisters.

Cool the burned area with cold water.

Never sell , together , two burned areas (fingers , legs ...)

Hold high the burned area.

Never apply creams or ointments.

No watering , except severe burn to be aware and not vomit .